Modern Research in Decision Making

An integrated Z-SWARA-MARCOS approach based on SWOT analysis to select infectious disease vaccination strategies

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Ali Memarpour Ghiaci 1
mohammad Hosine Karimi gavareshki 2

1 PhD student, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Management and Industrial Engineering, Malik Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Management and Industrial Engineering, Malik Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract
During infectious disease outbreaks, vaccines are always considered a vital element in safeguarding public health. This study aims to propose an integrated approach to select appropriate strategies for vaccination. The proposed approach is presented in three phases. In the first phase, suitable strategies are identified using the SWOT method, analyzing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. In the second phase, the weights of evaluation criteria for strategies are calculated using the Z-numbers theory-based stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) method. Considering reliability alongside uncertainty is one of the advantages of the developed Z-SWARA method. Subsequently, in the third phase and based on the outputs of the first two phases, strategies are prioritized by applying the Z-numbers theory-based measurement of alternatives and ranking according to compromise solution (MARCOS) method, considering uncertainty and reliability. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, it was implemented to select appropriate strategies for vaccination implementation in Iran. Based on the results, central procurement and creating sufficient space, the necessity of providing coordinated Antibody/PCR testing across sectors, and the ongoing increase in research to acquire knowledge related to vaccination, even during the downturn of the pandemic wave, have been identified as superior strategies for vaccination implementation.

Keywords

Infectious disease
SWOT
Z-number theory
Multi-criteria decision-making
MARCOS
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