Modern Research in Decision Making

Abstract This paper concerns studying a three-level supply chain and coordinating price and inventory decisions using game theory. In the retailing level, competing exist between retailers and they compete each other to gain higher demand. Demand is deterministic. The main challenge is modeling a multi-level supply chain and formulating the game between players to determine price and replenishment period. Integer multiplier method adopted as replenishment mechanism and three-level nested Stackelberg-Nash game used to formulate the optimization problem that produces a three-level programming model. Retailers formulate the bottom-level Nash game, the whole retailers play the middle-level Stackelberg game with manufacturer, and both levels as a group formulate the top-level Stackelberg game with supplier. Questions that answered at the end are for supplier; (1) what is the optimal price for raw material sold to manufacturer? In addition (2) how frequent should the raw material procurement take place? For manufacturer: (1) what is the optimal product wholesale price? In addition (2) how frequent should the production process take place? For each retailer: (1) what is the optimal price for products sold to market? and (2) how frequent should the product procurement take place?

Abstract Considering the importance of assessing the maturity level of knowledge management in organizations, this research assesses the maturity level of 300 top Iranian company using APQC model. Survey research is used in this research and data collection tool is questionnaire and t-test, Fridman and correlation test is used to analysis of data. Among 300 companies 99 companies attended in the survey. The Results show that Iranian companies are located on third level of KM maturity. There is no significant relationship between size of organization, industry type, the use of contractors and external consultants and knowledge management maturity. However there is relationship between existing knowledge management unit, experience regarding knowledge management and knowledge management maturity. There is significant relationship between post of senior managers and knowledge management maturity. Culture, technology, process, leadership and assessment, s aspects have better conditions. Key words: Knowledge management, Knowledge management maturity, maturity model, Knowledge management assessment tool

Abstract Evaluating the credit risk has been the most important factor in determining the customer's credit status. In the past, credit risk often determined by intuitive judgment that was inefficient compared to statistical and artificial intelligence methods which recently have been considered. Whereas the use of statistical methods requires specific data distribution, on the other hand use of artificial intelligence requires complex and costly calculations, and its obtained models are not interpretable. Hence, this paper attempts to use a new approach of applying multi criteria decision making models while reducing the computational complexity and lack of need for specific assumption for data to classify the credit customers. In this study C-TOPSIS approach that is based on the TOPSIS technique was used as a new approach of applying MADM for classifying the credit customers of bank. To assess the validity of C-TOPSIS approach, the performance of this method was compared to the performance of logistic regression model in credit status detection of Sina bank customers in the period 1388-1392. The results indicated that C-TOPSIS model has more accuracy (58.82 %) than logistic regression model (54.4%), in fact Type-I error and Type-II error of C-TOPSIS significantly decreased compared to other method

Abstract Iran’s banking industry became more competitive in past decade. In this new era understanding the position of bank in customers minds compare to competitors help bank managers to formulation more effective marketing. This paper attempted to reveal the position map of five selected banks including: MELL, MELLAT, TEJARAT, PARSIAN and PASARGAD.at the first phase of the research, in-depth interview was done with 25 participants for detecting factors effect bank selection. Via content analysis and using axial coding, seven axial codes were identified: the speed of providing banking services, facility and loan, electronic banking service, customer orientation, trust, physical evidences in branch, breadth of branch network. An 18-items questionnaire was constructed and gathered from 300 respondents from the selected banks. Competitive map was portrayed by simple correspondence analysis. Two dimension were recognized based on the map, the first was banking orientation (classic, modern), and the second was competitive advantage (facilitation of customer access, customer welfare and interaction). Four quarters were identified based on different composition of these dimension. PASARGAD bank was placed in the modern banking and customer welfare/interaction, MELLI bank placed in the classic banking and customer welfare/interaction, MELLAT and PARSIAN banks placed in the modern banking and customer access facilitation and TEJARAT bank placed in the classic banking and customer access facilitation quarter.

Abstract Since the Industrial Revolution environmental, variety of products that don’t fit with the environment and the ways in which harm the environment are taken into consideration of consumers and lovers of the environment. It causes company’s intense attention now to the concept of green product development. On the other hand, since the company's image in the minds of customers is a competitive advantage for them, companies try to create a positive image of themselves in the minds of their stakeholders. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of green product development on the customer image. To achieve this goal, after studding the literature review of each of these variables, a conceptual model with six hypotheses was proposed. Then these assumptions were tested on active companies in the food industry in Yazd province by using structural equation modeling approach based on the R SQUAR. The results of this study showed that green product development directly effects on the organization's and also Green product development indirectly effect on the customers mental image through the organization's identity, production quality and customer’s satisfaction finally according to the total results of the green product development on the mental image, some functional suggestions to implement GPD, service quality and improve customer mental image are offered.

Abstract Abstract ATM terminals as the most used e-banking channels could be a threat for banks. Some years ago due to a few numbers of ATM, they were taken into account as a competitive advantage; despite most of the time they were out of order. But nowadays their breakdown is a potential threat for banks to lose their customers. On the other hand the amount of data generated by ATM’s maintenance system increases at an unprecedented rate. In this way data mining is introduced as a method for discovering knowledge from these amounts of data in order to predict their failure and disruption. This paper introduces architecture for collecting data generated from ATMs performance and classifying them by predicting their breakdowns. So a sample of 1039 ATM was selected and the needed data were collected. Data were processed by C&R tree and Chaid models in Clementine software. Due to the better result of C&R tree algorithm, it was selected for modeling. By analyzing the results, ATMs were classified into 3 groups and some suggestions were given to maintenance team for planning better

Abstract Abstract: In recent decade, the increasing importance of economic benefits and environmental impacts of using scrapped products has encouraged most companies to focus on the closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) design. This paper considers the problem of CLSC network design under fuzzy uncertain conditions. The uncertain source is that the values of these parameters are usually imprecise and can be specified by possibilistic variables. To handle the uncertainty, a possibilistic programming approach is an appropriate method of incorporating such uncertainty In this problem. Possibility theory is applied to choose such solution in such a problem and a robust fuzzy programming (RFP) approach is proposed. In the proposed model, the best robust decision has the additional property in terms of mean value and variability of the objective function named possibilistic variability. The performance of the proposed RFP model is also compared with that of mean model in term of the variability and mean cost of model.

Abstract The aim of the present study is to examine the relationship between perceived environmental turbulence, strategic orientations, and new product success in export companies. For this purpose, 137 expert employees of Wagon Pars Company were selected in order to complete the research questionnaire. Content validity of this questionnaire has been established by experts in this field and the reliability was determined by using Cronbach's alpha test. In the end, for analyzing research hypothesis, linear regression test was used and results indicated that there is a significant relationship between perceived environmental turbulence and its dimensions including perceived technological turbulence, perceived market turbulence, perceived competitive turbulence and market innovation orientation in Wagon Pars Company. On the other hand, it was observed that there is a significant relationship between market orientation and new product success in Wagon Pars Company and the relationship between innovation orientation and new product success in Wagon Pars Company is as well a significant one.