مدل‌سازی رقابت در مسئله هماهنگی یک زنجیره تامین سه سطحی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع و سیستم‌های مدیریت، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار مجتمع دانشگاهی مدیریت و فناوری‌های نرم، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران

3 استاد دانشکده مهندسی صنایع و سیستم‌های مدیریت، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این مقاله بررسی یک زنجیره‌ی تأمین سه سطحی شامل دو خردهفروش، یک تولید کننده و یک تامینکننده و هماهنگ کردن تصمیمات هر یک از اعضا در زمینه قیمت‌گذاری و موجودی، به صورت موثر و کارا، با استفاده از نظریه بازی است. در این زنجیره در سطح خرده‌فروشی بین خرده‌فروش‌ها رقابت وجود دارد و آن‌ها برای به دست آوردن سهم بیشتر از بازار با یکدیگر رقابت می-کنند. مدل‌سازی موجودی یک زنجیره‌ی تأمین چند سطحی و فرموله کردن بازی اعضاء برای تعیین قیمت و دوره‌ی جایگزینی موجودی، رویکرد اصلی این مقاله است. در این پژوهش از روش ضریب صحیح به عنوان روش جایگزینی موجودی ماده‌ی خام و محصول استفاده شده و بازی استکلبرگ-نش سه سطحی آشیانه‌ای برای مدل‌کردن این مسئله‌ی بهینه‌سازی به‌کار رفته است. در این بازی دو خرده-فروش بازی نش سطح پایین را تشکیل می‌دهند، سپس این دو خرده‌فروش به عنوان یک گروه، بازی استکلبرگ سطح میانی را با تولیدکننده بازی می‌کنند و خرده‌فروش‌ها و تولیدکننده به عنوان یک گروه بازی استکلبرگ سطح بالا را با تأمین‌کننده انجام می‌دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Competition modeling in coordinating a three level supply chain

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. R. Akbarfakhrabadi 1
  • Jafar Gheidar-Kheljani 2
  • S.H. Ghodsypour 3
1 M.S. in Industrial Engineering, Department Of Industrial Engineering & Management Systems, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Management & Soft Technologies, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Department Of Industrial Engineering & Management Systems, Amirkabir University Of Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This paper concerns studying a three-level supply chain and coordinating price and inventory decisions using game theory. In the retailing level, competing exist between retailers and they compete each other to gain higher demand. Demand is deterministic. The main challenge is modeling a multi-level supply chain and formulating the game between players to determine price and replenishment period. Integer multiplier method adopted as replenishment mechanism and three-level nested Stackelberg-Nash game used to formulate the optimization problem that produces a three-level programming model. Retailers formulate the bottom-level Nash game, the whole retailers play the middle-level Stackelberg game with manufacturer, and both levels as a group formulate the top-level Stackelberg game with supplier. Questions that answered at the end are for supplier; (1) what is the optimal price for raw material sold to manufacturer? In addition (2) how frequent should the raw material procurement take place? For manufacturer: (1) what is the optimal product wholesale price? In addition (2) how frequent should the production process take place? For each retailer: (1) what is the optimal price for products sold to market? and (2) how frequent should the product procurement take place?

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Supply chain coordination
  • Three-level supply chain
  • Game Theory
  • competition
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