طراحی مدل ریاضی دو سطحی برای مسئله مکانیابی رقابتی با در نظر گرفتن تقاضای کشش‌پذیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد ، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تصمیم‌گیری درباره مکان با در نظر گرفتن موضوع رقابت در بازار، یک تصمیم راهبردی و بلندمدت محسوب می‌شود. چنانچه در انتخاب مکان، بررسی‌های لازم صورت نگیرد حیات سازمان در بلندمدت تحت تاثیر قرار می‌گیرد. به‌دلیل وجود پیچیدگی‌های موجود در مسائل مکانیابی، ارائه مدل‌های مکانیابی با محدودیت‌های متنوعی روبرو می‌شود. هدف این پژوهش توسعه مدل مکانیابی رقابتی با در نظر گرفتن تقاضای کشش‌پذیر است. برای تحقق هدف، مسئله به‌صورت یک بازی مکان – قیمت تعریف و با استفاده از مدل ریاضی دو سطحی، مدل‌سازی شده است. سطح اول مدل، مکان بهینه را تعیین نموده و از سطح دوم مدل و کاربرد نتایج تعادل نش، قیمت تعادلی به‌دست می‌آید. در این پژوهش، رفتارمشتری به‌صورت احتمالی در نظر گرفته شده و با کمک تابع نمایی مدل‌سازی شده است. به‌دلیل NP- hard بودن مسائل مکانیابی از الگوریتم فراابتکاری برای حل مدل استفاده شده است. برای حل مدل الگوریتم‌های جستجوی ممنوع و شبیه‌سازی تبرید توسعه داده شد و نتایج با کمک تحلیل‌های آماری با یکدیگر مقایسه گردید. نتایج نشان می‌دهد تغییر درآمد مصرف‌کنندگان و یا افزایش عرضه محصولات جانشین، در سودآوری شرکت تازه‌وارد تاثیر داشته و به‌تبع آن، بازی قیمت اهمیت بیشتری خواهد یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Bi-level Mathematical Model for Competitive Facility Location Problem with Elastic Demand

نویسندگان [English]

  • somayeh maleki 1
  • Akbar Alem Tabriz 2
  • Davood Talebi 3
  • Alireza Motameni 4
1 PhD student, Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Facility location whit taking account the competition is a critical component of strategic planning. The location affects the competitiveness and market share of a new entry firms, in long term life. In order to develop a model with more realistic characters, demand is supposed elastic. In this research, demand is defaulted with the help of an exponential function. In this paper a competitive facility location model whit two competitors which produce a commodity with elastic demand is developed The problem is modeled in the form of a location-price game. A bi-level model is developed to investigate the location and price, in location-pricing models, the location decision should come before the pricing game. From the second level and the use of Nash equilibrium, equilibrium will be obtained. In this paper, probabilistic costumer behavior whit the help of exponential function is modeled. A metaheuristic based on tabu search and Simulated annealing algorithm are proposed to search the optimal location-price solution of the model. The analysis shows that price game is more intense when incomes of consumers are lower or there are more substitution products.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • location-price game
  • elastic demand
  • Nash equilibrium
  • probabilistic costumer behavior
  • Competitive facility location
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